ABSTRACT
Con el objetivo de analizar la percepción acerca del colectivo LGBTIQ por parte del personal de salud, administrativos y usuarios del siste-ma de salud en CeMAP CABA (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires) OsPeCon, así como identificar la discriminación, sus causas y consecuencias, se realizó un estudio cualitativo, de caso, etnográfico.Se realizaron cinco grupos focales y se analizó la información siguiendo los pasos de la teoría fundamentada. En los grupos focales surgieron dudas acerca de la definición de orientación sexual y las siglas I-Q. Se reconocieron prejuicios relacionados al VIH/SIDA, ETS y adicciones como base de la discriminación y la estigmatización. Se evidenció la persistencia de creencias populares como origen de la orientación sexual. Se vio reflejada la heteronormatividad como característica social y la diferencia generacional como postura negativa. Se identificó como forma de discriminación a la violencia verbal y el rechazo al contacto, teniendo como consecuencia depresión, consumo de sustancias y suicidio. Las cuestiones de géneros son temas en continua evolución en la sociedad, por lo que creemos importante estar informados, con una visión empática y de respeto para brindar una atención adecuada a las personas LGBTIQ, teniendo un rol que nos permite deconstruir los estereotipos (AU)
This qualitative ethnographic case study analyzes perceptions of the LGBTIQ community held biomedical professionals, administrative staff and patients in the Health center of OSPeCon, CABA.The purpose of this analysis is to identify discrimination, its causes and consequencesFive focus groups were carried out and the information was analyzed according to the grounded theory.Major themes that emerged from focus groups included confusion regarding the definition of sexual orientation and the acronym I-Q Beliefs related to HIV/AIDS, STD and addiction were noted to be the foundation for discrimination and stigmatization. Other beliefs identified included heteronormativity, which was more prevalent in older generations. The use of popular beliefs to explain the origin of sexual orientation was often justification for discrimination Means of discrimination included verbal violence and rejecting personal contact. Consequences of discrimination identified included depression, substance abuse and suicide. Gender issues continue to evolve and we hope to analyze our own beliefs, deconstruct stereotypes, and educate ourselves in the development of an empathic and respectful attitude to this vulnerable population (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Sexism , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Social Construction of Gender , Gender Studies , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Interpersonal RelationsABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, etnográfico para conocer y analizar la percepción de los pacientes extranjeros respecto de su vínculo con el sistema de salud en Argentina, considerando la cultura de origen y proceso migratorio mediante trece entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se incluyeron pacientes extranjeros mayores de 18 años que consultaron a un Centro de Atención Primaria de la Salud (CeMAP) de un agente del subsitema sanitario de la seguridad social argentina. Los mismos fueron seleccionados de manera intencional y por conveniencia. Las transcripciones se analizaron según la teoría fundamentada. En las entrevistas se destacó una relación médico-paciente más estrecha en comparación con la del país de origen, destacándose la calidez, compromiso y mayor comunicación con el binomio paciente-familia, siendo notables estas diferencias en la etapa del embarazo y en el ámbito de la salud sexual y reproductiva. Se han hallado diferencias sustanciales con el país de origen en temáticas como control prenatal y acompañamiento del parto, alimentación, medicinas tradicionales, accesibilidad al sistema sanitario, siendo influyente el tiempo de residencia en Argentina para lograr el empoderamiento en relación con el sistema de salud. Esto nos estimula a seguir trabajando en la cultura y proceso migratorio de los pacientes, explorar su cosmovisión, para propiciar un enfoque intercultural que permita adquirir herramientas para la atención de dicha población (AU)
A qualitative, ethnographic study was carried out to identify and analyze the perception and beliefs of foreign patients, regarding their experiences in Argentina Ìs healthcare system, taking into consideration their culture of origin and migratory process through semi-structured interviews. It're included foreign patients over 18 years of age who consulted at a Primary Health Care Center (CeMAP) of an agent of the Argentine social security health system. They were selected intentionally and for convenience. Thirteen semi-structured in-depth interviews were recorded and the transcripts were analyzed according to the Fundamental Theory. In the interviews, a closer patient-physician relationship stood out when compared with the country of origin, highlighting the warmth, commitment and greater communication with the patient and its family, these differences were more notable during prenatal, reproductive and sexual care. Substantial differences have been found with the country of origin in topics such as prenatal post-partum care, nutrition, traditional medicines, and accessibility to the health system. There was a positive impact of length of residency in Argentina on patient empowerment within the healthcare system. This is an estimate to continue working on the culture and the migration process of patients, to explore their worldview, to propose an intercultural approach that allows us to acquire tools for the care of this population (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Physician-Patient Relations , Primary Health Care , Human Migration , Culturally Competent Care/ethnology , Health Services Accessibility , Paraguay , Peru , Social Security , Bolivia , Chile , Colombia , Dominican Republic , MexicoABSTRACT
During pregnancy and protein restriction, changes in serum insulin and leptin levels, food intake and several metabolic parameters normally result in enhanced adiposity. We evaluated serum leptin and insulin levels and their correlations with some predictive obesity variables in Wistar rats (90 days), up to the 14th day of pregnancy: control non-pregnant (N = 5) and pregnant (N = 7) groups (control diet: 17 percent protein), and low-protein non-pregnant (N = 5) and pregnant (N = 6) groups (low-protein diet: 6 percent). Independent of the protein content of the diet, pregnancy increased total (F1,19 = 22.28, P < 0.001) and relative (F1,19 = 5.57, P < 0.03) food intake, the variation of weight (F1,19 = 49.79, P < 0.000) and final body weight (F1,19 = 19.52, P < 0.001), but glycemia (F1,19 = 9.02, P = 0.01) and the relative weight of gonadal adipose tissue (F1,19 = 17.11, P < 0.001) were decreased. Pregnancy (F1,19 = 18.13, P < 0.001) and low-protein diet (F1,19 = 20.35, P < 0.001) increased the absolute weight of brown adipose tissue. However, the relative weight of this tissue was increased only by protein restriction (F1,19 = 15.20, P < 0.001) and the relative lipid in carcass was decreased in low-protein groups (F1,19 = 4.34, P = 0.05). Serum insulin and leptin levels were similar among groups and did not correlate with food intake. However, there was a positive relationship between serum insulin levels and carcass fat depots in low-protein groups (r = 0.37, P < 0.05), while in pregnancy serum leptin correlated with weight of gonadal (r = 0.39, P < 0.02) and retroperitoneal (r = 0.41, P < 0.01) adipose tissues. Unexpectedly, protein restriction during 14 days of pregnancy did not alter the serum profile of adiposity signals and their effects on food intake and adiposity, probably due to the short term of exposure to low-protein diet.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Pregnancy , Rats , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Diet, Protein-Restricted , Insulin/blood , Leptin/blood , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/blood , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
O estudo do exame clínico-nutricional é parte do Inquérito Nutricional, realizado no "Diagnóstico em Saúde do Polonoroeste-MT em 1983". No intuito de reconhecer a situaçäo nutricional da populaçäo da regiäo em estudo, o grupo do Inquérito Nutricional procedeu ao estudo do Consumo Alimentar das famílias, ao estudo dos dados antropométricos e de sinais clínico-nutricionais de crianças na faixa etária de 3 a 72 meses. Foram examinadas 585 crianças da amostra como proposta por SANCHES & CARVALHEIRO adaptado por MEIRELLES e SANCHES. O exame clínico-nutricional foi realizado segundo a metodologia recomendada por JELLIFFE. Foram encontrados sinais clínicos sugestivos de carência nutricional em 6,6% das crianças; sinais de anemia em 9,7% e de bócio em 2,7%. Näo foi possível definir com precisäo outros quadros carenciais
Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Eating , Nutritional Status , BrazilABSTRACT
Este trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar a desnutriçäo protéico-energética associada a parasitose intestinal em grupo de 149 crianças de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 3 a 72 meses, da cidade de Mirassol D'Oeste, na regiäo do Projeto Polonoroeste em Mato Grosso. De cada criança foram coletados os seguintes dados: sexo, peso, idade e amostra de fezes para exame parasitológico. Os dados peso/idade obtidos foram analisados pelos critérios de GOMEZ. Utilizou-se como padräo de referência o National Center for Health Statistic (NCHS). Para diagnóstico dos parasitas intestinais executou-se o método de Hoffman, Pons e Janer. O grupo estudado constitui-se em sua maioria de crianças desnutridas, sendo a forma leve de desnutriçäo mais comum que as formas moderada e grave. As enteroparasitoses foram encontradas em 69% das amostras examinadas. A "Giardia lamblia" foi o protozoário mais comum e o "Ancilostomídeo" o helminto mais encontrado. O teste X2 näo mostrou relaçäo de dependência entre o estado nutricional e a freqüência de enteroparasitoses